Ying Liu,  Yuanjie Bao  and  Wei Liu，2013：“Mapping the values and culture in Chinese public sectors: an exploratory study”，Cross-cultural Management: An International Journal，Vol. 20 No. 4, 2013: pp. 559-577

The exploratory study introduced the tri-axial model as a basic framework of cultural value to Chinese public sectors. The study tries to display value mapping of the Chinese public sectors and to examine the relationship between the identified values with organizational outcome variables, which is normally characteristic of an exploratory research. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

404 civil servants were asked to classify 62 cultural values into three axes, emotional, economical and ethical, and to attain the importance of the 62 values. Five cultural values including happiness, belonging, harmony, achievement, and efficiency are identified to be the most important values in Chinese public sectors. Harmony and achievement were found to affect organizational outcome variables.

Sample size is relatively small, and more cultural differences have been neglected within Chinese culture. And the paper collected data twice and used different means, but analyzed the combined data, which could be problematic. The findings suggest that Chinese civil servants pay much attention on emotional-developmental type of cultural values. Ethic-related culture needs to be emphasized more on culture building behaviors both at the organizational level and at the national level.

This is the first time the tri-axial model was introduced into Chinese culture. Testing with Chinese samples, the tri-axial model appears to address some of the important limitations of previous models that were summarized before. The paper successfully grouped all the cultural values into three pre-defined axes. The most important values are identified.

关于中国公共部门员工的文化价值观的探索性研究

 摘要：本研究旨在探索文化价值的三轴模型在中国公共组织的应用。在不同的国家、不同类型的组织，人们都会有不同的价值观。本研究借助三轴模型，这一基本的文化价值观模型，探索出中国的公共组织的工作人员共同具备的价值观都包括哪些，同时对研究了这些文化价值观与公共组织结果变量的之间的关系。

我们收集了404个公务员数据，将62个价值观依据三轴模型归为三类：情绪、经济、道德，并对这些价值观进行了的重要性分析。其中，在中国的公共组织中，被公务员认为最重要的五个价值观包括：幸福、归属感、和谐、成就导向，和效率。和谐与成就导向被验证对组织结果变量有重要的影响。

文章有一定的局限性。首先样本量相对比较小，其次，本研究探索的价值观主要是基于全球性的价值观列表，而中国文化独特的价值观有些就没有被包含进来，第三，我们一共收集了两次数据，收集方法上略有不同，在分析数据的时候，我们采用的是两次合并后的数据，也许会对结果有一些小的影响。

本研究给我们的启示是：中国的公务员更加注重情绪的控制与感知，对于道德观和职业道德方面的价值观重视程度不够，需要在组织层面、甚至国家层面进行促进和加强。此次研究首次对价值观的三轴模型进行分析，通过用来自中国的数据的检验，证明了三轴模型具有全面性，其对价值观的分类具有合理性，基于这个模型的文化价值观研究对组织行为有较强的启示作用。（Cross-cultural Management: An International Journal，2013，SSCI）